Table of Contents
BIO734: Advances in Cell Biology
Cell biology is the study of the structure and function of cells, and it revolves around the notion that a cell is a basic unit of life. Focusing on the cell allows for a more detailed understanding of the tissues and organisms involved in the cells. BIO734 Handouts pdf
BIO734 Handouts pdf
Course Category: Biotechnology BIO734 Handouts pdf
Course Outline
| Introduction to Cell Biology, Composition of Matter, Molecules of Life, Proteins: Polymers of Amino Acids, Protein Structure, Protein Interaction, Carbohydrates: Sugar Polymers, Carbohydrates: Glycosidic linkages, Lipids: Nonpolar Hydrocarbons, Lipids: Saturated & Unsaturated, Nucleic Acids: DNA & RNA, RNA & DNA, Unit of Life, Journey into the Cell, Size Matters, The Nucleus, Ribosomes, The Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi & Lysosomes, Mitochondria, Motor Proteins, The Miracle Workers, Membranes, membrane Components, Recognition and Adhesion, Transport across membranes, Vesicle formation, Cell division, | |
| Cell Cycle, Chromosome, Mitosis, Chromosomes-Conti…, Meiosis-I, Meiosis-II, Meiosis-Conti.., Comparison-(Mitosis-Meiosis), Transcription regulation, Transcription regulation in E.Coli, Transcription Regulation in E.Coli 2, Transcription Regulation in Eukaryotes, Eukaryotic Transcription, RNA Processing, Cell signaling and the prehistoric world, The Instructions and the Design, The Modes and Principles, The Modes and Principles II, The Modes and Principles III, Signalling in E.Coli, G protein-linked, Receptor, Protein Kinases A, G proteins, G proteins vision, Cell signaling and Us, Cell signaling and memory, Enzyme-linked receptors, Enzyme-linked receptors 2, Enzyme-linked receptors 2 (Conti…), RTK signaling gone wrong, PI3 Kinase, |
| PKB apoptosis inhibition, JAK-STAT signaling, TGF-Beta receptor Family, Proteolysis Signaling Pathways, Immune system, Immune system 2, Immune system 3, AIS, The B-Cells, The B-Cells 2, The Antibodies, Immunological memory, Acquired Immunological Tolerance, Antibody diversity, Class Switching, T-Cells and TCR, APCs activate T cells, MHC, Cytotoxic T cells, Helper T Cells, TH-1 and TH-2, TH-2 B-Cell activation, Checks and Balances, Complement System, Complement System 2, The Alternative Pathway, Neoplastic Transformation, Growth promoting oncogenes, Growth promoting oncogenes Cyclins and CDKs, | |
| Growth promoting oncogenes Cyclins and CDKs (Conti..), DNA Repairing genes, Apoptosis Genes, Protein Sorting, Protein Sorting Mechanism, Nuclear Transport, Nuclear localization signals [NLSs] and transport, Nuclear Receptors, The Ran Cycle, Control of import and export, Protein Transport into Mitochondria, The Translocators, ER Transport Introduction, ER Transport, Translocation, Multipass Transmembrane Proteins, Vesicle Transport, COPI, COPI the Retrieval Process, Lysosomal Transport, Endocytosis, Tissue Replacement, Organ repair via stem cell, Customized stem cells, adult stem cells, BIO734 Handouts pdf |
| Cytokines induced stem cell proliferation and differentiation, In-vitro organ/tissue fabrication, Introduction to Advances in Cell Biology, Cell Junctions, Communicating/Gap, Junctions, Plasmodesmata: Plant Gap Junctions, Occluding Junctions, The Anatomy of Occluding, Junctions, Anchoring Junctions, Adherens Junctions, Desmosomes, Cadherins, Cadherin link to actin, Cadherins & Development, A Plant’s Story, Transient Cell-Cell Adhesions, Selectins & cytoskeleton, Ca2+-independent Cell-Cell Adhesion, Integrins, Integrin Diversity, Integrin Cytoskeleton Interaction, Anchor Proteins Introduction, | |
| Anchor Proteins Detailed View, Integrin regulation, FAK, Extracellular, Matrix(ECM), Glycosaminoglycan (GAG), Hyaluronan (hyaluronic acid or hyaluronate), Proteoglycans & Glycoproteins, More Than Scaffolds, GAG Organization, Cell-Surface Proteoglycans, ECM: Collagens, Non-Fibril Collagens, Collagen Secretion, Collagen Continued, Fibril Associated Collagen (FAC), Cell Organize Collagen Fibrils, Elastin, Fibronectin, Fibronectin Forms, Basal Lamina (Basement Membrane), Basal Lamina Additional Functions, ECM: Cell Shape, Survival & Proliferation, Controlled Degradation of ECM, The Cytoskeleton Introduction 1, BIO734 Handouts pdf |
| The Cytoskeleton Introduction 2, The Cytoskeleton Introduction 3, Thermal Stability, Cytoskeletal Polymer Nucleation, Polar Filaments 1, Polar Filaments 2, Growth Rates, Filament Treadmilling, Treadmilling Animation, Dynamic Instability, Dynamic Instability Animation, Tubulin & Actin Isoforms, Intermediate Filament, IF Diversity, IF Genes Mutations, Cytoskeletal Drugs, γ-tubulin, Centrosome, | |
| Actin Filament Nucleation, Actin Filament Elongation, Tropomyosin & Cofilin, Stathmin, Motor Proteins Force Generation, Motor Proteins and Intracellular Transport, Motor Protein Function Regulation, Muscle Contraction 1, Muscle Contraction 2, Heart Muscle, Cilia and Flagella, Neuronal Cytoskeleton 1, Neuronal Cytoskeleton 2, Neuronal Cytoskeleton 3, BIO734 Handouts pdf |
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BIO734 HANDOUTS
BIO734: Advances in Cell Biology
Molecules of Life
All living things on Earth are made up of four types of molecules. These four types of molecules are commonly referred to as living molecules. The four living cells are proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids. Each of these four groups is essential to every single body on Earth. Without any of these four molecules, living cells cannot survive. All four living molecules are essential for the structure and function of cells and, in many cases, for both pathways.
Protein
Proteins are the first molecules in life and are the building blocks of life. The most common protein molecules are found in cells. When all the water is released from the cell, the protein makes up more than half of the remaining weight.
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are an important source of energy. They also provide cellular structural support and support for interaction between cells. The carbohydrate molecule is made up of atoms of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. They are found in the form of sugar or a lot of sugar that is glued together.
Lipids
Lipids are a highly flexible group of molecules that include fats, oils, waxes, and other steroids. These molecules are primarily made up of carbon and hydrogen chains called fatty acids. Fatty acids combine with a series of other atoms to form many different lipids.
Nucleic Acid
Long-chain nucleic acids made up of many small molecules are called nucleotides. Each nucleotide is made up of a sugar, base, and phosphate group. There are two types of nucleic acids that are essential for life. These are DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid).
DNA
DNA is the most well-known cell type that makes up the genetic makeup of a cell. DNA is responsible for carrying out all the information the body needs in order to live, grow, and reproduce.
RNA
RNA is a lesser-known molecule but also plays an important role in cells. RNA molecules are used to translate information stored in DNA molecules and use their information to make proteins. Without RNA, the information in DNA would be useless.
